^The UK’s major urban areas Office for National Statistics (Belfast Urban Area defined in footnote 6, page 16 of the pdf)
^[Boal, F; Royle, S. (2006). Enduring City. Blackstaff Press Ltd] ("Going one step further, and viewing Belfast at the end of the twentieth century, we can consider places such as Carrickfergus, Antrim, Comber, Newtownards and Bangor as falling within the broadly defined 'Metropolitan Belfast' ")