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* リケッチア・ヘルベティカ<br />{{snamei||Rickettsia helvetica}}<br /><small>Beati ''et al''. 1993<ref name="10.1099/00207713-43-3-521">{{cite journal |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |doi=10.1099/00207713-43-3-521 |volume=43 |issue=3 |title=Confirmation that ''Rickettsia helvetica'' sp. nov. Is a Distinct Species of the Spotted Fever Group of Rickettsiae |author=Lorenza Beati, Olivier Péter, Willy Burgdorfer, André Aeschlimann, Didier Raoult |date=01 July 1993 |pages=521-6 |PMID=8102245 }}</ref><br />(IJSEMリストに掲載 1993<ref name="10.1099/00207713-43-4-866">{{cite journal |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |doi=10.1099/00207713-43-4-866 |volume=43 |issue=4 |title=Notification that New Names and New Combinations Have Appeared in Volume 43, No. 3, of the IJSB |date=01 October 1993 |page=866 }}</ref>)</small>
* リケッチア・ヘルベティカ<br />{{snamei||Rickettsia helvetica}}<br /><small>Beati ''et al''. 1993<ref name="10.1099/00207713-43-3-521">{{cite journal |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |doi=10.1099/00207713-43-3-521 |volume=43 |issue=3 |title=Confirmation that ''Rickettsia helvetica'' sp. nov. Is a Distinct Species of the Spotted Fever Group of Rickettsiae |author=Lorenza Beati, Olivier Péter, Willy Burgdorfer, André Aeschlimann, Didier Raoult |date=01 July 1993 |pages=521-6 |PMID=8102245 }}</ref><br />(IJSEMリストに掲載 1993<ref name="10.1099/00207713-43-4-866">{{cite journal |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |doi=10.1099/00207713-43-4-866 |volume=43 |issue=4 |title=Notification that New Names and New Combinations Have Appeared in Volume 43, No. 3, of the IJSB |date=01 October 1993 |page=866 }}</ref>)</small>
* リケッチア・ホネイ<br />{{snamei||Rickettsia honei}}<br /><small>Stenos ''et al''. 1998<ref name="10.1099/00207713-48-4-1399">{{cite journal |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |doi=10.1099/00207713-48-4-1399 |volume=48 |issue=4 |title=''Rickettsia honei'' sp. nov., the aetiological agent of Flinders Island spotted fever in Australia |author=JOHN STENOS, VÉRONIQUE ROUX, DAVID WALKER, DIDIER RAOULT |date=01 October 1998 |pages=1399-404 |PMID=9828442 }}</ref><br />(IJSEMリストに掲載 1999<ref name="10.1099/00207713-49-1-5">{{cite journal |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |doi=10.1099/00207713-49-1-5 |volume=49 |issue=1 |title=Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 48, part 4, of the IJSB |date=01 January 1999 |pages=5-6 }}</ref>)</small>
* リケッチア・ホネイ<br />{{snamei||Rickettsia honei}}<br /><small>Stenos ''et al''. 1998<ref name="10.1099/00207713-48-4-1399">{{cite journal |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |doi=10.1099/00207713-48-4-1399 |volume=48 |issue=4 |title=''Rickettsia honei'' sp. nov., the aetiological agent of Flinders Island spotted fever in Australia |author=JOHN STENOS, VÉRONIQUE ROUX, DAVID WALKER, DIDIER RAOULT |date=01 October 1998 |pages=1399-404 |PMID=9828442 }}</ref><br />(IJSEMリストに掲載 1999<ref name="10.1099/00207713-49-1-5">{{cite journal |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |doi=10.1099/00207713-49-1-5 |volume=49 |issue=1 |title=Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 48, part 4, of the IJSB |date=01 January 1999 |pages=5-6 }}</ref>)</small>
* {{snamei||Rickettsia hoogstraalii}}<br /><small>Duh ''et al''. 2010<ref name="10.1099/ijs.0.011049-0>"{{cite journal |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |doi=10.1099/ijs.0.011049-0 |volume=60 |issue=4 |title=''Rickettsia hoogstraalii'' sp. nov., isolated from hard- and soft-bodied ticks |author=Darja Duh, Volga Punda-Polic, Tatjana Avsic-Zupanc, Donald Bouyer, David H. Walker, Vsevolod L. Popov, Mateja Jelovsek, Maja Gracner, Tomi Trilar, Nikola Bradaric, Timothy J. Kurtti, Jasna Strus |date=01 April 2010 |pages=977-984 |PMID=19666817 }}</ref><br />(IJSEMリストに掲載 2010<ref name="10.1099/ijs.0.025866-0">{{cite journal |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |doi=10.1099/ijs.0.025866-0 |volume=60 |issue=7 |title=Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 60, part 4, of the IJSEM |date=01 July 2010 |pages=1480-1481 }}</ref>)</small>
* {{snamei||Rickettsia hoogstraalii}}<br /><small>Duh ''et al''. 2010<ref name="10.1099/ijs.0.011049-0">"{{cite journal |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |doi=10.1099/ijs.0.011049-0 |volume=60 |issue=4 |title=''Rickettsia hoogstraalii'' sp. nov., isolated from hard- and soft-bodied ticks |author=Darja Duh, Volga Punda-Polic, Tatjana Avsic-Zupanc, Donald Bouyer, David H. Walker, Vsevolod L. Popov, Mateja Jelovsek, Maja Gracner, Tomi Trilar, Nikola Bradaric, Timothy J. Kurtti, Jasna Strus |date=01 April 2010 |pages=977-984 |PMID=19666817 }}</ref><br />(IJSEMリストに掲載 2010<ref name="10.1099/ijs.0.025866-0">{{cite journal |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |doi=10.1099/ijs.0.025866-0 |volume=60 |issue=7 |title=Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 60, part 4, of the IJSEM |date=01 July 2010 |pages=1480-1481 }}</ref>)</small>
* リケッチア・ジャポニカ<br />（日本紅斑熱リケッチア）<br />{{snamei||Rickettsia japonica}}<br /><small>Uchida ''et al''. 1992<ref name="10.1099/00207713-42-2-303">{{cite journal |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |doi=10.1099/00207713-42-2-303 |volume=42 |issue=2 |title=''Rickettsia japonica'' sp. nov., the Etiological Agent of Spotted Fever Group Rickettsiosis in Japan |author=Takahiro Uchida, Tsuneo Uchiyama, Keiko Kumano, David H. Walker |date=01 April 1992 |pages=303-5 |PMID=1581190 }}</ref><br />(IJSEMリストに掲載 1992<ref name="10.1099/00207713-42-3-511">{{cite journal |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |doi=10.1099/00207713-42-3-511 |volume=42 |issue=3 |title=Validation of the Publication of New Names and New Combinations Previously Effectively Published Outside the IJSB |date=01 July 1992 |page=511 }}</ref>)</small>
* リケッチア・ジャポニカ<br />（日本紅斑熱リケッチア）<br />{{snamei||Rickettsia japonica}}<br /><small>Uchida ''et al''. 1992<ref name="10.1099/00207713-42-2-303">{{cite journal |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |doi=10.1099/00207713-42-2-303 |volume=42 |issue=2 |title=''Rickettsia japonica'' sp. nov., the Etiological Agent of Spotted Fever Group Rickettsiosis in Japan |author=Takahiro Uchida, Tsuneo Uchiyama, Keiko Kumano, David H. Walker |date=01 April 1992 |pages=303-5 |PMID=1581190 }}</ref><br />(IJSEMリストに掲載 1992<ref name="10.1099/00207713-42-3-511">{{cite journal |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |doi=10.1099/00207713-42-3-511 |volume=42 |issue=3 |title=Validation of the Publication of New Names and New Combinations Previously Effectively Published Outside the IJSB |date=01 July 1992 |page=511 }}</ref>)</small>
* リケッチア・マッシリアーエ<br />{{snamei||Rickettsia massiliae}}<br /><small>Beati and Raoult 1993<ref name="10.1099/00207713-43-4-839">{{cite journal |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |doi=10.1099/00207713-43-4-839 |volume=43 |issue=4 |title=NOTES: ''Rickettsia massiliae'' sp. nov., a New Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia |author=L. Beati, D. Raoult |date=01 October 1993 |pages=839-40 |PMID=8240964 }}</ref><br />(IJSEMリストに掲載 1994<ref name="10.1099/00207713-44-1-184">{{cite journal |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |doi=10.1099/00207713-44-1-184 |volume=44 |issue=1 |title=Notification that New Names and New Combinations Have Appeared in Volume 43, No. 4, of the IJSB |date=01 January 1994 |page=184 }}</ref>)</small>
* リケッチア・マッシリアーエ<br />{{snamei||Rickettsia massiliae}}<br /><small>Beati and Raoult 1993<ref name="10.1099/00207713-43-4-839">{{cite journal |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |doi=10.1099/00207713-43-4-839 |volume=43 |issue=4 |title=NOTES: ''Rickettsia massiliae'' sp. nov., a New Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia |author=L. Beati, D. Raoult |date=01 October 1993 |pages=839-40 |PMID=8240964 }}</ref><br />(IJSEMリストに掲載 1994<ref name="10.1099/00207713-44-1-184">{{cite journal |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |doi=10.1099/00207713-44-1-184 |volume=44 |issue=1 |title=Notification that New Names and New Combinations Have Appeared in Volume 43, No. 4, of the IJSB |date=01 January 1994 |page=184 }}</ref>)</small>

2023年4月29日 (土) 00:15時点における版

リケッチア属
宿主細胞中で増殖するR. rickettsii
分類
ドメイン : 真正細菌
Bacteria
門 : プロテオバクテリア門
Pseudomonadota
綱 : アルファプロテオバクテリア綱
Alphaproteobacteria
目 : リケッチア目
Rickettsiales
科 : リケッチア科
Rickettsiaceae
属 : リケッチア属
Rickettsia
学名
Rickettsia
da Rocha-Lima 1916[1]
(IJSEMリストに掲載 1980[2])
タイプ種
リケッチア・プロワゼキイ
Rickettsia prowazekii
da Rocha-Lima 1916[1]
(IJSEMリストに掲載 1980[2])
下位分類（種）[49]

リケッチア （Rickettsia、リケッツィア、リケッチャ、リッケットシアとも表記。） は、狭義ではRickettsia 属、広義では Rickettsiaceae 科の微生物の総称。ダニ等の節足動物を媒介とし、ヒトに発疹チフスあるいは各種リケッチア症を引き起こす。ウイルスと同じように細胞外で増殖できない。偏性細胞内寄生体とも呼ばれる。

名称は発疹チフスの研究に従事し、結果的にそれが原因で亡くなったアメリカの病理学者、ハワード・テイラー・リケッツの名に因む。

概要

リケッチアは非運動性でグラム染色で陰性である。1–4 µm の球状または桿体、あるいは連鎖状、繊維状の形状を示す。ウイルス、クラミジア、ファイトプラズマ等と同じく単独で増殖が出来ない（偏性細胞内寄生性）。増殖は宿主の血管内皮系の細胞内で行われ、宿主細胞の代謝低下時に最もよい増殖を示す。宿主細胞から取り出し単独におくと急速に死滅する。感染した血管には血栓が生じ、血管破裂、壊死を引き起こす。これが体のどこで起こるかは種により異なり、これが症状の差違を引き起こす。

自然界ではネズミなど小型哺乳類、ダニが保因しており、シラミ、ダニ、ツツガムシ（恙虫）の節足動物を媒介し、ヒトに感染する。

クエン酸回路を構成する全ての遺伝子を持ち、DNA解析によりミトコンドリアとの近縁性が指摘されている。

分類

  種類 疾病 分布
紅斑熱群 R. rickettsii ロッキー山紅斑熱 西半球
R. akari リケッチア痘 アメリカ、旧ソ連
R. conorii ボタン熱 地中海沿岸、アフリカ、南西アジア、インド
R. sibirica シベリアチックチフス シベリアから中国北部
R. australis オーストラリアチックチフス オーストラリア
R. japonica 日本紅斑熱 日本
発疹熱群 R. prowazekii 発疹チフス 世界
R. typhi 発疹熱 世界
つつが虫病 Orientia tsutsugamushi ツツガムシ病 南西アジア、オーストラリア北部、太平洋の島

治療

テトラサイクリン、ドキシサイクリン、クロラムフェニコール等の代謝・DNA合成を阻害する機序の抗菌薬を投与する。ペニシリンなど、臨床的に頻用されるβ-ラクタム系の細胞壁のペプチドグリカンを合成阻害する抗生物質が、全く効かないことに注意が必要である。

脚注

[脚注の使い方]
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  31. ^ “Notification that New Names and New Combinations Have Appeared in Volume 43, No. 4, of the IJSB”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 44 (1): 184. (01 January 1994). doi:10.1099/00207713-44-1-184. 
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