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利用者:J8takagi/Wikipedia:スタイルマニュアル (曖昧さ回避)

Template:Style-guideline Template:Style Template:Dabnav

Disambiguation pages ("dab pages") are, like redirects, non-article pages in the article namespace. Disambiguation pages are solely intended to allow users to choose among several Wikipedia articles, usually when a user searches for an ambiguous term.

曖昧さ回避のページ("dab pages")は、 リダイレクトと同じように、記事名前空間の中にある、記事ではないページである。曖昧さ回避ページ では、通常はユーザーが曖昧な語句を検索しているときに、いくつかの Wikipedia記事の中からユーザーが選択できるようにすることだけが意図される。

This style guideline is intended to make this process more efficient by giving disambiguation pages a consistent look and avoiding distracting information, such as extraneous links (internal or external). It applies to pages containing only disambiguation content, whether or not the page title contains the word "(disambiguation)". This guide does not apply to articles which are about a primary topic but contain a "see also" notice or the like.

このスタイルガイドラインでは、曖昧さ回避ページに一貫した外観を与え、異質な（内部または外部）リンクのような紛らわしい情報を避けることで、こうしたプロセスがより効率的になることを意図される。 これらは、曖昧さ回避の内容を含むページだけに適用され、ページのタイトルに「(曖昧さ回避)」という単語が含まれているかどうかは関係しない。このガイドは一次的トピックについての記事に適用されるものではなく、 "see also" noticeなどに含まれるものになる。

Page naming conventions

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Covered at Wikipedia:Disambiguation.

Linking to Wiktionary

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Rather than including a dictionary definition of a word, create a cross-link to our sister project, en:Wiktionary. To do this, use one of the "Wiktionary parameter templates" on the first line. The multiple-option templates are useful if you want to link to dictionary entries with alternate capitalizations (star, Star, and STAR, for example).

  • {{Wiktionarypar}} - {{wiktionarypar|WORD}}
  • {{Wiktionarypar}} - {{wiktionarypar|WORD|WORD2|...|WORD5}} (up to five optional parameters)

Note: {{wiktionary}}, the basic template, is en:deprecated. It uses the page name, which starts with an uppercase letter, and Wiktionary is now case sensitive on the first letter. For more information on linking see en:Wikipedia:Sister projects#Wiktionary.

Wiktionaryにリンクする

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単語の辞書的な定義を含むより、姉妹プロジェクトであるWikitionaryへの 相互リンクを作成してください。このために、1行目に「Wiktionaryパラメータ テンプレート」のどれか1つを使用してください。大文字小文字が異なる辞書の内容 （例えば、star,Star,STAR）にリンクしたい場合は、多重オプションテンプレートが便利です。

  • {{Wiktionarypar}} - {{wiktionarypar|WORD}}
  • {{Wiktionarypar}} - {{wiktionarypar|WORD|WORD2|...|WORD5}} （5以上の多重オプショナルパラメータ）

註 基本テンプレートである{{wiktionary}}は、非推奨です。ページ名に大文字で始まるページ名を使っていますが、Wikitionaryでは最初の1文字の大文字小文字を区別しています。リンクについての詳細な情報は、en:Wikipedia:Sister projects#Wiktionaryを参照してください。

Linking to a primary topic

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主要な項目へのリンク

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When a page has "(disambiguation)" in the title, users are unlikely to stumble on it by accident. They will arrive there by clicking on a link from the primary topic article, by searching, or by directly typing its URL.

The link on the main article should be similar to:

For other uses, see en:School (disambiguation).

The {{otheruses}} template series can be used.

Since it is very unlikely that this well-known meaning is what they are looking for, it should not be mixed in with the other links. It is recommended to place the link back to the primary topic at the top, like this:

A en:school is an institution for learning.

School may also refer to:

Introductory line

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Like a standard article, the title of the page should be in bold (not italic). It should begin a sentence fragment ending with a colon, introducing a bulleted list:

Interval may refer to:

John Smith is the name of:

ABC may stand for:

It is not necessary to repeat all the possible variations of capitalization or punctuation: "AU may refer to" is preferable over "AU, au, Au or A-U may refer to".

導入行

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標準の記事と同じように、ページのタイトルはボールド（イタリックではなく）にしてください。文フラグメントの終わりはコロンで開始し、黒丸リストへ導入してください。

Interval may refer to:

John Smith is the name of:

ABC may stand for:

大文字小文字や句読点の違うものをすべて繰り返す必要はありません。 「AUは、」よりも「Au、A-U、Au、Auは、」の方が望ましいです。

Individual entries

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Keep in mind that the primary purpose of the disambiguation page is to help people find the information they want quickly and easily. These pages are not for exploration, but only to help the user navigate to a specific article.

  • Preface each entry with a bullet (an asterisk in wiki markup). Only entries that link, not leading lines, should have bullet points.
  • Each bulleted entry should, in almost every case, have exactly one navigable (blue) link. Including more than one link can confuse the reader; including no links at all makes the entry useless for further navigation. (See "redlinks" below for cases where no article yet exists.)
  • The link should be the first word or phrase in each entry. For example:
  • Start with a capital letter. In the rare event that the target article is marked with {{lowercase}}, it may be more appropriate to use a lowercase letter.
  • There is no need to emphasize the link with bolding or italics, although titles (such as for books and movies) may need to be italicized, in conformance with en:Wikipedia:Manual of Style (titles). If the article's title contains both a title and a clarifier, use a piped link to quote or italicize only the title (see below).
  • Never link days or dates.
  • Entries should nearly always be sentence fragments. When the entry forms a complete sentence, do not include commas or periods at the end of the line.
  • The description associated with a link should be kept to a minimum, just sufficient to allow the reader to find the correct link.
  • External links should rarely, if ever, be given entries in disambiguation pages. Including them as comments or on a talk page is a way to mention URLs that might be helpful in the future.
  • Entries should not be pipe linked — refer to the article name in full. See below for several exceptions to this rule.

Example:

Interval may refer to:

Examples of individual entries that should not be created

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On a page called Title, generally do not create an entry for:

  • Title County
  • Title City
  • Title Hospital
  • Title University
These may require their own disambiguation pages. For example, "Jefferson County" should list the counties in all the states, but the "Jefferson" disambiguation page ideally would not. A reader looking for Jefferson County would be expected to type both words and hit the Go button, not just type "Jefferson". However, if you find that another editor has felt the need to create such entries, please do not remove them. If you feel such an entry should be included, please add an invisible comment and, if necessary, a note on the discussion page of that disambiguation page to explain why.
  • Title Smith
  • Title Lee
  • John Title
  • Jane Title
People who happen to have the same surname or given name should not be mixed in with the other links unless they are very frequently referred to simply by the single name (e.g., en:Elvis, en:Shakespeare). For short lists of such people, new sections of People with the surname Title and People with the given name Title can be added below the main disambiguation list. For longer lists, create a new Title (name), Title (surname) and/or Title (given name) page.

You may want to create entries on the same page for:

  • TITLE and Title
  • Title town and Title township
An example is "Willow Valley", which lists a town of that name as well as "Willow Valley Township" in another state.

"Title Island", "Title River" or "River Title" may be worth listing in cases where the "Island"/"River" part is often omitted, so "Catalina" might include "Santa Catalina Island".

List other entries of which Title is a part in a "See also" section unless the subject is very frequently referred to simply by the single name.

Misspellings

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Common misspellings should only be listed if there is a genuine risk of confusion or misspelling. These cross-links should be placed in a separate section entitled "Common misspellings" or "See also". For example, in a page called en:Kington (disambiguation), a link to en:Kingston (disambiguation) would appropriately be included in the See also section.

Piping

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Piping means concealing the actual title of a linked article by replacing it with other text, typically to suppress parenthetical expressions.

Do not pipe the name of the links to the articles being listed (for example, en:Moment (physics)). In many cases, this may be all the user needs to distinguish the article.

Exceptions:

  1. Use piping if you are linking to an anchor point on the target page.
  2. Use piping if the article title differs from what it should be due to technical limitations per {{Wrongtitle}}; for instance The Singles 81>85 or Softimage|XSI.
  3. Use piping to format or quote a portion of an article whose name consists of both a title and a clarifier, or a genus or species and a clarifier; for instance Harvey (film), USS Adder (SS-3), "School" (song), or Saturnalia (dinosaur).

If a word in the description is linked (an unusual occurrence), you may use piping in that link.

This guidance to avoid piping means that a link to a redirect term will sometimes be preferred to a direct link, if the redirect term contains the disambiguation title and the redirect target does not. For example, in en:Delta (disambiguation), a link to the redirect term en:Delta Quadrant would be preferred over its target, en:Galactic quadrants (Star Trek).

Specific entry types

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Foreign languages

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For foreign-language terms, be sure an article exists or could be written for the word or phrase in question. Usually this means that the term has been at least partially adopted into English or is used by specialists.

Tambo may refer to:

Avoid adding lines for words or phrases that are simply spelled the same as an English term. For example:

  • not: Tambo, a Japanese word (田んぼ) for rice paddy

People

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→「List of people by name」も参照

For people, include their birth and death years (when known), and only enough descriptive information that the reader can distinguish between different people with the same name. Keep in mind the conventions for birth and death dates, see en:Wikipedia:Manual of Style (dates and numbers)#Dates of birth and death. Do not include a, an or the before the description of the person's occupation or role.

John Smith is the name of:

Places

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For places, it may only be necessary to write the name of the article.

Jacksonville may refer to:

It might be appropriate to add the country after the link. Leave the country unlinked.

Kimberley is the name of:
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Links to non-existent articles ("redlinks") may be included only when an editor is confident that an encyclopedia article could be written on the subject.

Adding links to articles not yet written should be done with care. There is no need to brainstorm all occurrences of the page title and create redlinks to articles that are unlikely ever to be written, or likely to be removed as insufficiently notable topics.

Do include a redlink when another article links to the ambiguous article with none of the disambiguation options in mind. (A list of links to an article can be obtained using Special:What links here.)

Redlinks should usually not be the only link in a given entry; link also to an existing article, so that a reader (as opposed to a contributing editor) will have somewhere to navigate to for additional information. A (contrived) example:

Flibbygibby may refer to:

In this example, the architectural motif is judged to be appropriate for a future article, but the noodle is not.

Synonyms

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If the link is to a synonym, simply use it as it is named:

Serving spoon may also refer to:

URL anchor notation

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If the item described appears as part of another page, link to the relevant section of that page instead (using the #anchor notation) and conceal that by making it a piped link, as shown with "coin", below. In this case the link may not start the line, but it should still be the only wikilink.

Tail may also refer to:

Only use this feature if the item being described actually appears on the page you are linking to, so avoid:

if the en:television article does not mention it.

Order of entries

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In most cases, place the items in order of usage, with the most-used meanings appearing at the top and less common meanings below. A recommended order is:

  1. Articles with a clarifier in parentheses (en:Anticipation (music))
  2. Articles with the item as part of the name (en:Computer keyboard as part of a Keyboard dab page)
  3. Synonyms
  4. Larger subject articles which treat this item in a section (en:Medieval art from a Fresco dab page)

Unless the list is quite short, separate the articles in categories (1) and (2) from those in (3) and (4), with the "may also be" line shown below:

Thingymabob may refer to:

Thingymabob may also be:

Longer lists

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The list may be broken up by subject area:

Thingamajig may refer to:

In science:

In world music:

Section headers may be used on longer lists instead of, or in addition to, bold subject area headings, but using more than a single level, as on en:Aurora (disambiguation), is rarely necessary.

{{TOCright}} can be used to place the table of contents on the right hand side of the page to eliminate excess white space.

Images

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Including images is discouraged unless they aid in selecting between articles. Examples of this are the images at en:Congo (disambiguation) and en:Mississippi Delta (disambiguation).

The "See also" section

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There may be a "See also" section which can include:

  • Articles where Title is part of the name, for example
    • Title City, Title County, or Title Township
    • Title School, Title College, or Title University
    • Title River, or Title Island
  • Terms which can be confused with Title, for example en:New Market and en:Newmarket
  • Likely misspellings of Title, for example en:Belmont, en:Belmonte and en:Bellmont

The disambig notice

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Depending on the type of disambiguation page, there are different templates to use, including {{disambig}} which is for general use, {{Geodis}} for locations, {{Hndis}} for human names and {{Numberdis}} for number related pages. However, if the page encompasses multiple topics, {{disambig}} should be used to avoid confusion.

Place the appropriate template at the bottom of the page. {{disambig}} produces the following message (as of December 2006), and also assigns the en::Category:Disambiguation to the page.

30px This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.
en:Category:Disambiguation

If a disambiguation page needs cleaning up to bring it into conformance with this style manual, use {{disambig-cleanup}}. This replaces both {{disambig}} and {{cleanup-date}}.

Don't use {{subst:disambig}} or {{subst:disambig-cleanup}}, as the contents of this notice may change in the future (see Information on Transclusion).

If topical categorization of the disambiguation page seems to be needed, please bring this need up for discussion at en:Wikipedia talk:Disambiguation. Experience has shown that ad hoc and un-discussed category creation is controversial and prone to create agitation among the many editors working in the area of disambiguation. Be bold, but as that exhortation warns, don't be reckless.

Exceptions

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Break rules

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For every style suggestion above, there's some page which has a good reason to do something else. These guidelines are intended for consistency, but usefulness to the reader is the principal goal. So ignore these guidelines if you have a good reason.

See also

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Manual of Style (disambiguation pages)

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