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中性子経済 is defined as the ratio of an adjoint weighted average of the excess neutron production divided by an adjoint weighted average of the fission production.[1][2]

The distribution of neutron energies in a nuclear reactor differs from the fission neutron spectrum due to the slowing down of neutrons in elastic and inelastic collisions with fuel, coolant and construction material.中性子は、捕獲によって吸収されるか、漏れによって失われるまで、弾性、非弾性衝突によって減速する。

Neutron economy is the balanced account, in a reactor, of the neutrons created and the neutrons lost through absorption by non-fuel elements, resonance absorption by fuel, and leakage while fast and thermal energy ranges.[3]

Heavy Water is an extremely efficient moderator. As a result, reactors using heavy water, such as the CANDU also have a high neutron economy.[4]

The quantity that indicates how much the neutron economy is out of balance is given the term Reactivity. If a reactor is exactly critical - that is, the neutron production is exactly equal to neutron destruction - then the reactivity is zero. If the reactivity is positive - then the reactor is supercritical. If the reactivity is negative - then the reactor is subcritical.

However the term neutron economy is used not just for the instantaneous reactivity of a reactor but also to describe the overall efficiency of a nuclear reactor design.

脚注

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  1. ^ DOE Fundamentals handbook Vol1”. h1019v1. US Department of Energy. 30 December 2012閲覧。
  2. ^ DOE Fundamentals handbook Vol2”. h1019v2. US Department of Energy. 30 December 2012閲覧。
  3. ^ Engineering Physics 4D3/6D3 - Nuclear Reactor Analysis”. 25 January 2013閲覧。
  4. ^ CANDU Reactors”. 2012年2月25日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。25 January 2013閲覧。