利用者:加藤勝憲/RFE 音声アルファベット
RFE音声記号は、文献学の学術誌『スペイン文献学レビュー』(RFE)にちなんで名付けられた。この音声記号は、1915年に主にスペイン語をはじめとするイベリア半島起源の言語や方言のために開発された。このアルファベットはトマス・ナバーロ・トマスによって提案され、マドリードのCentro de Estudios Históricos(歴史研究センター)がRFE用に、またInstituto de Filología de Buenos Aires(ブエノスアイレス言語学研究所)が採用した。 [1] これは、Atlas Lingüístico de la Península Ibérica(『イベリア半島言語アトラス』) (ALPI) などのラテンアメリカをテーマにした作品や音声学のマニュアルのみで使用されている。さらに、この音声記号はスペイン語圏の大学、例えばメキシコの大学でも教えられている。[2]
The RFE Phonetic Alphabet, named for a journal of philology, the スクリプトエラー: 関数「langx」は存在しません。 (RFE), is a phonetic alphabet originally developed in 1915 for the languages and dialects of Iberian origin, primarily Spanish. The alphabet was proposed by Tomás Navarro Tomás and adopted by the スクリプトエラー: 関数「langx」は存在しません。 in Madrid for the RFE and by the スクリプトエラー: 関数「langx」は存在しません。. It is used solely in works based on Hispanic themes, such as the スクリプトエラー: 関数「langx」は存在しません。 (ALPI), as well as phonetics manuals. Additionally, this phonetic alphabet is taught at the universities of Spanish-speaking countries such as Mexico.
Symbols
[編集]RFE | Example | Transcription | Consonant | IPA |
---|---|---|---|---|
b | bondad | bon̹dáđ̥ | Voiced bilabial stop | [b] |
p | padre | páđre | Voiceless bilabial stop | [p] |
m | amar | amár | Voiced bilabial nasal | [m] |
m̥ | mismo (And.) | mím̥mo | Voiceless bilabial nasal | [m̥] |
ƀ | haba | áƀa | Voiced bilabial fricative | [β] |
ƀ̥ | las botas (And.) | la ƀ̥ótah | Voiceless bilabial fricative | [ɸ] |
RFE | Example | Transcription | Consonant | IPA |
---|---|---|---|---|
m̭ | confuso | kom̭fúṡo | Labiodental nasal | [ɱ] |
f | fácil | fáθįl | Voiceless labiodental fricative | [f] |
v | vida (emphatic) | víđa[疑問点 ] | Voiced labiodental fricative | [v] |
RFE | Example | Transcription | Consonant | IPA |
---|---|---|---|---|
ḍ | cruz divina (emphatic) | krúẓ ḍiƀína | Voiced interdental stop | [d̪͆] |
ṭ | hazte acá | áθṭe aká | Voiceless interdental stop | [t̪͆] |
ṇ | onza | óṇθa | Interdental nasal | [n̪͆] |
ẓ | juzgar | xųẓǥár | ||
θ | mozo | móθo | Voiceless interdental fricative | [θ̪͆] |
đ | rueda | r̄wéđa | Voiced interdental fricative | [ð̪͆] |
đ | tomado | tomáđo | Interdental approximant | [ð̞] |
đ̥ | verdad | bęrđáđ̥ | Voiceless interdental approximant | [θ̞] |
ḷ | calzado | kaḷθađo | Voiceless interdental lateral | [l̪͆] |
RFE | Example | Transcription | Consonant | IPA |
---|---|---|---|---|
d | ducho | dúĉo | Voiced dental stop | [d̪] |
t | tomar | tomáɹ | Voiceless dental stop | [t̪] |
n̹ | monte | món̹te | Dental nasal | [n̪] |
z̹ | desde | déz̹đe | Voiced dental fricative | [ð] |
s̹ | hasta | ás̹ta | Voiceless dental fricative | [θ] |
l̹ | falda | fál̹da | Dental lateral approximant | [l̪] |
RFE | Example | Transcription | Consonant | IPA |
---|---|---|---|---|
n | mano | mã́no | Alveolar nasal | [n] |
n̥ | asno (And.) | án̥no | Voiceless alveolar nasal | [n̥] |
ŝ | chobu (W.Ast.) | ŝóƀu | Voiceless alveolar affricate | [ʦ] |
z | los días (Mex.) | lo zíah | ||
s | rosa (And.) | r̄osa | ||
ż | rasgar | r̄ażǥáɹ | Voiced alveolar fricative | [z] |
ṡ | casa | káṡa | Voiceless alveolar fricative | [s] |
l | luna | lúna | Alveolar lateral approximant | [l] |
l̥ | muslo (And.) | mųl̥lo | Voiceless alveolar lateral approximant | [l̥] |
r | hora | ǫ́ra | Alveolar flap | [ɾ] |
r̥ | multitud | mųr̥titú | Voiceless alveolar flap | [ɾ̥] |
r̄ | carro | kár̄o | Alveolar trill | [r] |
ɹ | color | kolǫ́ɹ | Alveolar approximant | [ɹ] |
ɹ̊ | trigo (Mex.) | tɹ̊íǥo | Voiceless alveolar approximant | [ɹ̥] |
ɹ̱ | honra (Chil.), pondré (Mex.) |
ónɹ̱a, põɹ̱é |
Geminated voiced alveolar approximant | [[ɹː]] |
ɹ̱̊ | perro (Chil.) | pę́ɹ̱̊o / pę́ɹ̱o | Geminated voiceless alveolar approximant | [[ɹ̥ː]] |
RFE | Example | Transcription | Consonant | IPA |
---|---|---|---|---|
n̮ | año | án̮o | Palatal nasal | ɲ |
ŷ | yugo | ŷúǥo | Voiced palatal affricate | [ɟ͡ʝ] |
ĉ | mucho | múĉo | Voiceless postalveolar affricate | [ʧ] |
ž | mayo (Arg.) | mažo | Voiced postalveolar fricative | [ʒ] |
š | rexa (Ast.) | r̄eša | Voiceless postalveolar fricative | [ʃ] |
y | mayo | máyo | Voiced palatal fricative | [ʝ] |
ẙ | jefe (Chil.) | ẙefe / ẙjéfe | ||
j | nieto | njéto | Palatal approximant | [j] |
j̊ | inquieto | iŋ́ḱj̊éto / iŋ́ḱj̊eto | ||
l̮ | castillo | kas̹tíl̮o | Palatal lateral approximant | [ʎ] |
ÿ | subyugar | sųƀÿuǥáɹ |
RFE | Example | Transcription |
---|---|---|
ǵ | guitarra | ǵitár̄a |
ḱ | quimera | ḱiméra |
ŋ́ | inquirir | iŋ́ḱirír |
ǥ́ | seguir | ṡeǥ́iɹ |
x́ | regir | r̄ex́ír |
RFE | Example | Transcription | Consonant | IPA |
---|---|---|---|---|
g | gustar | gųs̹táɹ | Voiced velar stop | [g] |
k | casa | káṡa | Voiceless velar stop | [k] |
ŋ | nunca | nṹŋka | Velar nasal | [ŋ] |
ǥ | rogar | r̄oǥár | Voiced velar fricative | [ɣ] |
x | jamás | xamás | Voiceless velar fricative | [x] |
ł | malalt (Cat.) | məlạł | Velarized alveolar lateral approximant | [ɫ] |
w | hueso | wéṡo | Voiced labio-velar approximant | [w] |
w̥ | fuera (esp. enf.)[要説明] | fw̥éra | Voiceless labio-velar approximant | [ʍ] |
RFE | Example | Transcription |
---|---|---|
ŋ̇ | don Juan | doŋ̇ ẋwán |
ǥ̇ | aguja | aǥ̇úxa |
ẋ | enjuagar | eŋ̇ẋwaǥár |
RFE | Example | Transcription | Consonant | IPA |
---|---|---|---|---|
h | horno (And.) | hǫ́rno | Voiceless glottal fricative | [h] |
RFE | Description |
---|---|
į ę ǫ ų | Lowered |
i e a o u | Unmarked vowels |
ẹ ọ | Raised |
ą | Fronted [a] |
ạ | Backed [a] |
ǫ̈ | Labialized ę |
ö | Labialized e |
ų̈ | Labialized į |
ü | Labialized i |
ə | Schwa |
ĩ ã ũ õ, etc. | Nasalized vowels |
á ó ę́ ã́ | Vowels with stress marker |
aː oː lː sː mː nː, etc. | Long (Vowel Length or Gemination) |
đ đ̥, etc. | Reduced sounds |
Sources
[編集]- RFE (1915) "Alfabeto fonético de la revista de filología española"; Revista de Filología Española 2: 374-376.
- Navarro Tomás, Tomás (1966) "El alfabeto fonético de la Revista de Filología Española"; Anuario de Letras 6: 5-19.
関連項目
[編集]- Phonetics
- Phonology
- Phonetic transcription
- International Phonetic Alphabet
- Phonetic alphabet (disambiguation)
脚注
[編集]Bibliography
[編集]- Alvar, Manuel; & Mouton, Pilar García. Textos Andaluces en Transcription fonética. Madrid : Editorial Gredos. [1]
- Cuétara Priede, Javier. 2004. Fonética de la ciudad de México: Aportaciones desde las tecnologías del habla. México : Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. [2][リンク切れ][<span title=" Dead link tagged April 2018">permanent dead link</span>]
- Face, Timothy L. 2008. Guide to the Phonetic Symbols of Spanish. Sommerville, MA: Cascadilla Press.
- García Mouton, Pilar; & Moreno Fernández, Francisco (dir.). 2003. « Alfabeto fonético y otros signos », in Atlas Lingüístico (y etnográfico) de Castilla - La Mancha, Universidad de Alcalá. <http://www2.uah.es/alecman> [3]
- Llisterri, Joaquim. 2012. La Transcription fonética, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.
- Navarro Tomás, Tomás. 1915. “Alfabeto fonético ”, in Revista de Filología Española, tomo 2, pp. 374–376.
- Navarro Tomás, Tomás. 1966. “El alfabeto fonético de la Revista de Filología Española”, in Anuario de Letras, tome 6, 1966, pp. 5–19. [4]
- Martín Butragueño, Pedro. 2012. Fonología variable del español de México. sección Alfabeto fonético Archived 2012-11-19 at the Wayback Machine.
- Pop, Sever. La dialectologie : aperçu historique et méthodes d'enquêtes linguistiques, J. Duculot, Louvain, 1950, 2 vol. (volumen 1 y volumen 2)
- El International Phonetic Alphabet y el de la RFE [5]
外部リンク
[編集]- Irabar, Alexander. La transcripción fonética: Comentarios y materiales.
[[Category:1915年の科学]] [[Category:音声記号]]