利用者:ロイヤルオーク/sandbox/下書き14
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Sites are places of importance to cultural or natural heritage as described in the UNESCO World Heritage Convention, established in 1972.[1] Latvia accepted the convention on 10 January 1995 , making its historical sites eligible for inclusion on the list.[2] Both sites are cultural. The Struve Geodetic Arc is a transnational site and is shared with nine other countries.[2]
In addition to its World Heritage Sites, Latvia also maintains three properties on its tentative list.[2]
World Heritage Sites
[編集]UNESCO lists sites under ten criteria; each entry must meet at least one of the criteria. Criteria i through vi are cultural, whereas vii through x are natural.[3]
Site | Image | Location | Year listed | UNESCO data | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Historic Centre of Riga | ![]() |
Riga | 1997 | 852; i, ii (cultural) | Riga, founded in 1201, was a major Hanseatic city from the 13th to the 15th centuries. Not many houses remain from that period, as they were destroyed by fire or war. Later, Riga saw a rapid expansion in the 19th and early 20th century, when many Art Nouveau buildings were constructed. Riga has the highest concentration of buildings in this style in Europe.[4] |
Struve Geodetic Arc* | Ērgļi Municipality, Jēkabpils | 2005 | 1187, ii, iii, vi (cultural) |
The Struve Geodetic Arc is a series of triangulation points, stretching over a distance of 2,820キロメートル (1,750 mi) from Hammerfest in Norway to the Black Sea. The points were set up in a survey by the astronomer Friedrich Georg Wilhelm Struve who first carried out an accurate measurement of a long segment of a meridian – and along with it the size and shape of the Earth. Originally, there were 265 station points. The World Heritage Site includes 34 points in ten countries (North to South: Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Belarus, Moldova, Ukraine), two of which are in Latvia.[5] |
Tentative list
[編集]In addition to sites inscribed on the World Heritage List, member states can maintain a list of tentative sites that they may consider for nomination. Nominations for the World Heritage List are only accepted if the site was previously listed on the tentative list.[6] As of 2019, Latvia lists three properties on its tentative list.[2]
Site | Image | Location | Year listed | UNESCO criteria | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Meanders of the Upper Daugava | ![]() |
Daugava river from Piedruja to Daugavpils | 2011 | v, viii, x (mixed) | The Upper Daugava river valley features interesting postglacial landforms that formed 15-13 thousand years ago. The area has been inhabited for millennia and features several cultural landscape types - ritual landscape (sacred buildings, ancient burial grounds, cemeteries, and crucifixes), social landscape, economic landscape (urbanization, farmer settlements).[7] |
Grobiņa archaeological ensemble | Grobiņa | 2017 | iii (cultural) | The Grobiņa archaeological ensemble comprises remains of the settlements and burial sites which date to the period between the 7th and the 9th centuries, when the Scandinavians started migrating overseas. Grobiņa was the settlement when they lived along the local Curonian population, which helped the cultural exchange.[8] | |
Kuldīga (Goldingen) | Kuldīga | 2020 | ii, iv, vii (mixed) | Kuldīga, also known historically as Goldingen, was first documented in 1242. As an important trade junction, it was a member of the Hanseatic League. The historic centre is well preserved and dates to from the late 16th to the 18th centuries, when the city was the seat of the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia.[9] |
References
[編集]- ^ “The World Heritage Convention”. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 27 August 2016時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。21 September 2010閲覧。
- ^ a b c d “Latvia”. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 22 June 2020時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。24 November 2019閲覧。
- ^ “UNESCO World Heritage Centre – The Criteria for Selection”. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 12 June 2016時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。17 August 2018閲覧。
- ^ “Historic Centre of Riga”. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 22 June 2020時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。18 December 2019閲覧。
- ^ “Struve Geodetic Arc”. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 18 October 2011時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。20 October 2011閲覧。
- ^ “Tentative Lists”. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 1 April 2016時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。7 October 2010閲覧。
- ^ “Meanders of the Upper Daugava”. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 23 June 2020時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。23 November 2019閲覧。
- ^ “Grobiņa archaeological ensemble”. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 23 June 2020時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。23 November 2019閲覧。
- ^ “Kuldīga (Goldingen)”. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 23 October 2020時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。29 October 2020閲覧。