シマドジョウ
シマドジョウ属 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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シマドジョウ属の一種
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Cobitis Linnaeus, 1758[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
タイプ種 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cobitis taenia Linnaeus, 1758[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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シマドジョウ属 |
シマドジョウ属(Cobitis)は、コイ目ドジョウ科に属する淡水魚の属。ドジョウ科のタイプ属で、タイプ種はタイリクシマドジョウ(Cobitis taenia)である。シマドジョウという言葉には、この属のほか、ユーラシア大陸および周辺島嶼国のいくつかの属に属する種も指す。この属以外のシマドジョウに関しては、ドジョウ科を参照。正確な種数は不明であるが、未記載種含め100種を超えると考えられている。シマドジョウ属の名前の由来は、縞があるドジョウというところからで、関西での呼び名である。日本国内のシマドジョウ属に属する種類にはさまざまな別名があり、アジメドジョウ、オウギノショウ、カナベドジョウ、カワドジョウ、カンナマドジョウ、カンナベ、カンナメドジョウ、キュウキュウドジョウ、キリメ、ギリメ、キンカンアジメ、クルマドジョウ、ゴマドジョウ、ゴリネホウ、コンペイトウドジョウ、ササ、ササドジョウ、ササノハドジョウ、スナサビ、スナドジョウ、スナハギ、スナハビ、スナムグリ、スナメグリ、スナモグリ、スナメドジョウ、タカノハドジョウ、タケドジョウ、ツチドジョウ、ツルマキドジョウ、ドジョウ、ムギガラドジョウ 、ムギナ、ムギワラドジョウ、ムナギ、ヤナギドジョウなどといった地方名や別名がある[2][3]。
分布
[編集]温帯地域から亜熱帯地域のユーラシア大陸および周辺島嶼国に分布する。 また、本州〜九州に広く分布する。
食性
[編集]雑食でユスリカなどの幼虫やイトミミズ、デトリタスや付着藻類などをたべる。
利用
[編集]観賞魚として人気が高く、また、食用としても美味である。
特徴
[編集]尾鰭は丸く、体は細長い。左右に3本ずつ、合わせて6本の鬚を持ち、体側には円形や楕円形の黒色斑が縦に10~20程度並んでいるのが見られる。また、オスの胸鰭の第2鰭条第1節が発達して骨質盤となり顕著に伸長し、基部が楕円形で先端部が嘴状になる形質が他種と見分けるのに有効とされる。体の斑紋は種によって実にさまざまで、種内でも地域的な変異、あるいは個体差が大きい。
種
[編集]日本産については、種群に含まれる学名未決定種・未記載種も含む[4]。
- Cobitis amphilekta Vasil'eva & Vasil'ev, 2012 (Khvalyn spined loach) [5]
- Cobitis arachthosensis Economidis & Nalbant, 1996
- Cobitis arenae (S. Y. Lin, 1934)
- Cobitis australis Y. X. Chen, Y. F. Chen & D. K. He, 2013 [6]
- Cobitis avicennae Mousavi-Sabet, Vatandoust, Esmaeili, Geiger & Freyhof, 2015 (Zagros spined loach) [7]
- Cobitis baishagensis Y. X. Chen, X. Y. Sui, N. Liang & Y. F. Chen, 2015 [8]
- Cobitis battalgili Băcescu, 1962 (Battalgil's spined loach)
- Cobitis bilineata Canestrini, 1865
- Cobitis bilseli Battalgil, 1942 (Beyşehir spined loach)
- Cobitis biwae Jordan and Snyder, 1901 - Cobitis biwae species complex(シマドジョウ種群)
- Cobitis brevifasciata (I. S. Kim & W. O. Lee, 1995) [9]
- Cobitis calderoni Băcescu, 1962
- Cobitis choii I. S. Kim & Y. M. Son, 1984(ミホシマドジョウ)
- Cobitis crassicauda Y. X. Chen & Y. F. Chen, 2013 [10]
- Cobitis dalmatina S. L. Karaman, 1928
- Cobitis damlae Erk' Akan & Özdemir, 2014 (Dalaman spined loach) [11]
- Cobitis delicata Niwa, 1937 [9](アジメドジョウ)
- Cobitis dolichorhynchus Nichols, 1918 (ズナガシマドジョウ)
- Cobitis dorademiri Erk' Akan, Özdemir & Özeren, 2017 [12]
- Cobitis elazigensis Coad & Sarıeyyüpoglu, 1988 (Tigris spined loach)
- Cobitis elongata Heckel & Kner, 1857
- Cobitis elongatoides Băcescu & R. F. Mayer, 1969
- Cobitis evreni Erk' Akan, Özeren & Nalbant, 2008 (Ceyhan spined loach)
- Cobitis fahireae Erk' Akan, Ekmekçi & Nalbant, 1998 (Küçük Menderes spined loach)
- Cobitis faridpaki Mousavi-Sabet, Vasil'eva, Vatandoust & Vasil'ev, 2011 [13]
- Cobitis fasciola Y. X. Chen & Y. F. Chen, 2013 [10]
- Cobitis gracilis Y. X. Chen & Y. F. Chen, 2016 [14]
- Cobitis guttatus (V. H. Nguyễn, 2005)
- Cobitis hankugensis I. S. Kim, J. Y. Park, Y. M. Son & Nalbant, 2003
- Cobitis hellenica Economidis & Nalbant, 1996
- Cobitis hereromacula Y. X. Chen, X. Y. Sui, N. Liang & Y. F. Chen, 2015 [8]
- Cobitis herzegoviniensis Buj & Šanda, 2014 [15]
- Cobitis hugowolfeldi (Nalbant, 1993) [9]
- Cobitis illyrica Freyhof & Stelbrink, 2007
- Cobitis jadovaensis Mustafić & Mrakovčić, 2008
- Cobitis kaibarai Nakajima, 2012 [16](アリアケスジシマドジョウ)
- Cobitis kellei Erk' Akan, Ekmekçi & Nalbant, 1998 (Göksu spined loach)
- Cobitis koreensis I. S. Kim, 1975 [9](コウライシマドジョウ)
- Cobitis laoensis (Sauvage, 1878)
- Cobitis laterimaculata J. P. Yan & M. L. Zheng, 1984 [9]
- Cobitis lebedevi Vasil'eva & Vasil'ev, 1985
- Cobitis levantina Krupp & Moubayed-Breil, 1992 (Orontes spined loach)
- Cobitis linea (Heckel, 1847)
- Cobitis longibarba (Y. F. Chen & Y. X. Chen, 2005) [9]
- Cobitis longicorpus I. S. Kim, K. C. Choi & Nalbant, 1976 [9](ナガシマドジョウ)
- Cobitis lutheri Rendahl (de), 1935 (Luther's spined loach) [17]
- Cobitis macrostigma Dabry de Thiersant, 1872
- Cobitis magnostriata Nakajima, 2012 [16](オオガタスジシマドジョウ)
- Cobitis maroccana Pellegrin, 1929
- Cobitis matsubarae Okada & Ikeda, 1939(ヤマトシマドジョウ)
- Cobitis sp. ‘yamato’ complex Type A(ヤマトシマドジョウA型)
- Cobitis megaspila Nalbant, 1993
- Cobitis melanoleuca Nichols, 1925
- Cobitis meridionalis S. L. Karaman, 1924
- Cobitis microcephala Y. X. Chen & Y. F. Chen, 2011 [18]
- Cobitis minamorii Nakajima, 2012[16](コガタスジシマドジョウ)
- Cobitis minamorii minamorii Nakajima, 2012 [16] (サンヨウコガタスジシマドジョウ)
- Cobitis minamorii tokaiensis Najajima, 2012 [16] (トウカイコガタスジシマドジョウ)
- Cobitis minamorii oumiensis Nakajima, 2012 [16] (ビワコガタスジシマドジョウ)
- Cobitis minamorii saninensis Nakajima, 2012 [16] (サンインコガタスジシマドジョウ)
- Cobitis minamorii yodoensis Nakajima, 2012 [16] (ヨドコガタスジシマドジョウ)
- Cobitis minhi S. V. Ngô, 2008
- Cobitis multifasciata Wakiya & T. Mori, 1929 [9]
- Cobitis multimaculata Y. X. Chen & Y. F. Chen, 2011 [18]
- Cobitis nalbanti Vasil'eva, D. M. Kim, Vasil'ev, M. H. Ko & Y. J. Won, 2016 (Nalbant's spined loach) [17](カンコクシマドジョウ)
- Cobitis narentana S. L. Karaman, 1928
- Cobitis ohridana S. L. Karaman, 1928
- Cobitis pacifica I. S. Kim, J. Y. Park & Nalbant, 1999 [9](キタシマドジョウ)
- Cobitis paludica (F. de Buen, 1930)
- Cobitis phrygica Battalgazi, 1944 (Acı spined loach)
- Cobitis pontica Vasil'eva & Vasil'ev, 2006 (Pontic spined loach)
- Cobitis pumila I. S. Kim & W. O. Lee, 1987 (プアンシマドジョウ)
- Cobitis puncticulata Erk' Akan, Ekmekçi & Nalbant, 1998 (Spotted spined loach)
- Cobitis punctilineata Economidis & Nalbant, 1996
- Cobitis rara J. X. Chen, 1981
- Cobitis sakahoko Nakajima & Suzawa, 2015 [19](オオヨドシマドジョウ)
- Cobitis saniae Eagderi, Jouladeh-Roudbar, Jalili, Sayyadzadeh & Esmaeili, 2017 [20]
- Cobitis satunini Gladkov, 1935
- Cobitis shikokuensis Suzawa, 2006(ヒナイシドジョウ)
- Cobitis sibirica Gladkov, 1935
- Cobitis simplicispina Hankó (hu), 1925 (Sakarya spined loach)
- Cobitis sinensis Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant, 1874 (カラシマドジョウ)
- Cobitis sipahilerae Erk' Akan, Özdemir & Özeren, 2017 [12]
- Cobitis splendens Erk' Akan, Ekmekçi & Nalbant, 1998 (Splendid spined loach)
- Cobitis stenocauda Y. X. Chen & Y. F. Chen, 2013 [10]
- Cobitis stephanidisi Economidis, 1992
- Cobitis striata Ikeda, 1936 [16](ナミスジシマドジョウ)
- Cobitis strumicae S. L. Karaman, 1955 (Bulgarian spined loach)
- Cobitis taenia Linnaeus, 1758 (Spined loach)(タイリクシマドジョウ)
- Cobitis takatsuensis Mizuno, 1970(イシドジョウ)
- Cobitis takenoi Nakajima, 2016 [22](タンゴスジシマドジョウ)
- Cobitis tanaitica Băcescu & R. F. Mayer, 1969
- Cobitis taurica Vasil'eva, Vasil'ev, Janko, Ráb & Rábová, 2005
- Cobitis tetralineata I. S. Kim, J. Y. Park & Nalbant, 1999(コウライスジシマドジョウ)
- Cobitis trichonica Stephanidis, 1974
- Cobitis turcica Hankó (hu), 1925 (Turkish spined loach)
- Cobitis vardarensis S. L. Karaman, 1928 (Vardar spined loach)
- Cobitis vettonica Doadrio & Perdices, 1997
- Cobitis xinjiangensis (Y. F. Chen & Y. X. Chen, 2005) [9]
- Cobitis ylengensis S. V. Ngô, 2003
- Cobitis yongdokensis (I. S. Kim & J. Y. Park, 1997) [9]
- Cobitis zanandreai Cavicchioli, 1965
- Cobitis zhejiangensis Y. M. Son & S. P. He, 2005
脚注
[編集]- ^ a b Maurice Kottelat, “Cobitis Linnaeus, 1758 (Osteichthyes, Cypriniformes): proposed designation of Cobitis taenia Linnaeus, 1758 as type species and request for a ruling on the stem of the family-group name Cobitididae Swainson, 1839. Z. N. (S.) 2566,” Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, Volume 43, International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, 1986, Pages 360-362.
- ^ 日本魚類学会編『日本産魚名大辞典』 三省堂 1981年
- ^ 栃木県なかがわ水遊園 『新とちぎの魚図鑑 増補改訂版』下野新聞社 2016年
- ^ 本村浩之 (2022).「日本産魚類全種目録.これまでに記録された日本産魚類全種の現在の標準和名と学名」.Online ver. 17.鹿児島大学総合研究博物館、2022年10月24日閲覧。
- ^ Vasil'eva, E.D. & Vasil'ev, V.P. (2012): Cobitis amphilekta sp. nova, a New Species of Spined Loaches (Cobitidae, Cypriniformes) from the Caspian Sea Basin. Journal of Ichthyology, 52 (3): 200–206.
- ^ Chen, Y.-X., Chen, Y.-F. & He, D.-K. (2013): A new species of spined loach (Osteichthyes, Cobitidae) from the Pearl River, Guangxi of China. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 38 (2): 377-387.
- ^ Mousavi-Sabet, H., Vatandoust, S., Esmaeili, H.R., Geiger, M.F. & Freyhof, J. (2015): Cobitis avicennae, a new species of spined loach from the Tigris River drainage (Teleostei: Cobitidae). Zootaxa, 3914 (5): 558–568.
- ^ a b Chen, Y., Sui, X., Liang, N. & Chen, Y. (2015): Two new species of the genus Cobitis Linnaeus (Teleostei: Cobitidae) from southern China. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 34 (3): 517–525.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Perdices, A., Bohlen, J., Šlechtová, V. & Doadrio, I. (2016): Molecular Evidence for Multiple Origins of the European Spined Loaches (Teleostei, Cobitidae). PLoS ONE, 11 (1): e0144628.
- ^ a b c Chen, Y. & Chen, Y. (2013): Three new species of cobitid fish (Teleostei, Cobitidae) from the River Xinjiang and the River Le’anjiang, tributaries of Lake Poyang of China, with remarks on their classification. Folia Zoologica, 62 (2): 83-95.
- ^ Erkakan, F. & Özdemir, F. (2014): The first new cave fish species, Cobitis damlae (Teleostei: Cobitidae) from Turkey. Hacettepe Journal of Biology and Chemistry, 42 (2): 275–279.
- ^ a b Erkakan, F., Özdemir, F. & Özeren, S.C. (2017): Two new species of the genus Cobitis Linnaeus (Teleostei: Cobitidae) from Turkey. FishTaxa, 2 (2): 82-89.
- ^ Mousavi-Sabet, H., Vasil'eva, E.D., Vatandoust, S. & Vasil'ev, V.P. (2011): Cobitis faridpaki sp. nova — a New Spined Loach Species (Cobitidae) from the Southern Caspian Sea Basin (Iran). Journal of Ichthyology, 51 (10): 925–931.
- ^ Chen, Y. & Chen, Y. (2016): A new species of the genus Cobitis (Cypriniformes: Cobitidae) from the Northeast China. Zoological Systematics, 41 (4): 379-391.
- ^ Buj, I., Šanda, R., Marčić, Z., Ćaleta, M. & Mrakovčić, M. (2014): Combining Morphology and Genetics in Resolving Taxonomy – A Systematic Revision of Spined Loaches (Genus Cobitis; Cypriniformes, Actinopterygii) in the Adriatic Watershed. PLoS ONE, 9 (6): e99833.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Nakajima, J. (2012): Taxonomic study of the Cobitis striata complex (Cypriniformes, Cobitidae) in Japan. Zootaxa, 3586: 103–130.
- ^ a b Vasil'eva, E.D., Kim, D., Vasil'ev, V.P., Ko, M.-H. & Won, Y.-J. (2016): Cobitis nalbanti, a new species of spined loach from South Korea, and redescription of Cobitis lutheri (Teleostei: Cobitidae). Zootaxa, 4208 (6): 577-591.
- ^ a b Chen, Y. & Chen, Y. (2011): Two new species of cobitid fish (Teleostei, Cobitidae) from the River Nanliu and the River Beiliu, China. Archived 2017-09-21 at the Wayback Machine. Folia Zoologica, 60 (2): 143–152.
- ^ Nakajima, J. & Suzawa, Y. (2015): Cobitis sakahoko, a new species of spined loach (Cypriniformes: Cobitidae) from southern Kyushu Island, Japan. Ichthyological Research, 63 (1): 68–78.
- ^ Eagderi, S., Jouladeh-Roudbar, A., Jalili, P., Sayyadzadeh, G. & Esmaeili, H.R. (2017): Taxonomic status of the genus Cobitis Linnaeus, 1758 (Teleostei: Cobitidae) in the southern Caspian Sea basin, Iran with description of a new species. FishTaxa, 2 (1): 48-61.
- ^ 池田兵司「日本産ドヂャウ科魚類の雌雄性徴と其分類に就て I.ドヂャウ Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (Cantor) とシマドヂャウ2種 Cobitis biwae Jordan and Snyder, Cobitis taenia striata, subsp. nov.」『動物学雑誌』第48巻、東京動物學會、1936年、983–994頁。
- ^ Nakajima, J. (2016): Cobitis takenoi sp. n. (Cypriniformes, Cobitidae): a new spined loach from Honshu Island, Japan. ZooKeys, 568: 119–128.